Combined typewriting and computing machine



H. L. PITMAN. COMBINED TYPEWRITING AND COMPUTING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED FEB- 8. I9I9.

In venforr- Patented Oct. 5, 1920. M 3 SHEETS-SHEET l- H. L. PIT MAN.COMBINED TYPEWRITING AND COMPUTING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED FEB- H. [919.

Patented Oct. 5, 1920.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

H. L. PITMAN. COMBINED TYPEWRITING AND COMPUTING MACHINE.

APPLICATION HLED FEB- 8| l9l9.

Patented Oct. 5, 1920.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

UNITE]; STATES PATENT OFFICE.

HENRY L. PI'I'MAN, 0F ELIZABETH, NEW JERSEY,

ASSIGNOR 'ro UNDERWOOD COMPUTING MACHINE COMPANY, OF NEW YORK, N. Y., ACORPORATION OF NEW YoaK.

COMBINED TYPEWRITING AND COMPUTING MACHINE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Oct. 5, 1920.

Original application filed April 28, 1915, Serial No. 24,390. Dividedand this application filed February 6,

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, HENRY L. PITMAN, a citizen of the United States,residin in Elizabeth, in the count of Union and tate of New Jersev, haveInvented certain new and useful mproveznents in Combined Typewriting andComputing Machines, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to computing machines, and is herein disclosed asembodied in the carry-over mechanism of a combined typewriting andcomputing machine of the addendagraph type, beinga division of myco-pending application, No. 24,390, filed April 28, 1915 (now Patent No.1,308,506, dated July 1, 1919). In such machines the totalizer ,isusually mounted on a traveling typewriter carria and com rises dialwheels and computlng'wheels. s the typewriter carriage travels thetotalizer brings its computing wheels seriatim into mesh with a masterwheel, which is usually keydriven, and with carry-over wheels whichextend in an array to the left of the master wheel.

According to the present invention, the carry-over wheels may benormally held against turning by a series of detents, and the computingwheels may cooperate with a series of locking arms, one for eachcomputing wheel, so that, as the totalizer travels along said lockingarms, it may engage ear-victim with the detents to control the turningof the carry-over Wheels. Since the detents may be provided with pointedengaging noses, the locking arms may be eflective through said detentsto aline their wheels in carrying over through the carryover wheels,thus taking up any spiraling due to lost motion. Other devices may'cooperate with the detents in order to enable Serial No. 275,700.

Fig. 3 is a sectional side view of the parts seen in Fig. 2, showing theparts at rest.

Fig. 4 is a view similar to Fig. 3,-showiing the parts at the end ofrunning in a large 1 't. a ig. 5 is a spaced perspective view, showmgthe relationship of' the two kinds of locking arms to the two kinds ofcomputing wheels.

Fig. 6 is a view similar to Fig. 4, but showing the computing devicesinserting the di it and in the act of carrying over.

ig. 7 is a perspective view of a carryover wheel and some adjacentcarry-over detents, as seen from the rear.

Numeral keys 35 and character keys 36 depress key-levers 37, to rockbell-cranks 38, to swing type-bars 39 up rearwardly against the frontside of a platen 40 mounted to rotate on a carriage 41. The carriage 41travels step by step at the striking of the keys under the control of ane sc'apement mechanism indicated in general at 42, and including a rackbar 43, pivotally mounted on the carriage 41, and engaging a pinion 44connected for movement with an escapement wheel 45, which is controlledby a pair of dogs 46 and 47, one of whichis fixed and the other of whichis movable. The-dogs 46 and 47 are actuated by a universal frame 48,supported for back-andforth reciprocation on a swinging frame 49, andprovided with a-universal bar 50, which lies in the path of heels 51provided on the type-bars 39, so that when any of the latter come up tostrike the work-sheet on the platen 40, the universal frame 48 will beoscillated to permit a single step movement of the carriage 41 under thecontrol of the escapeme nt wheel 45.

The type-bars 39 forthe numeral keys 35, as well as the character keys36, are provided with two sets of characters 53 and'54,

so that they each control selectively the writtion. For this purpose,it. is mounted in an he shift frame 58 'inay'be rockedfo'r 11 1;;

o .more h i keys 6?,

Is'; at

V cillations are adapted the stirru is pivoted both to the arm prmanent-tyne sunbeam usnallv-to ndan the Underwood typewrlting ma Thelevers of the keys 60 are each provided with -=a.n arm 'rtrlwhichieitends up into engagement Withuone iof-ytheunset the;;shittreme'58 so as toleng'age the rail 57 ilpwardljqand thus bring the lineof print of the platen 4O opposite thenpperioas'e typeflionwthetjpeebnrs 39 when the 1 meshwit h' the pinion totheirpninlti'ng position.

' thus for eonthe Underwood 7 letter are sidered is well known intypewnt'ing mmhine, and initself forms no the present invention, but;combines part ofand .miiperates. with the computing mechanism which willno whe' descrihed toiorm a bombined typewriting: and? mmputing ma chinegiving mnoom'itmtrsoomputing and by :lthe striking of is. "single set cF' 'x m 1. 1.

or; effecting computations, Eclose,*:therei'i's prbvided' on :each otthenumeraI-keyelevers*fnom l to :9 a difterentialcam-'plafiefifipeach'"cam-plate hav- -.ingl an open ended sl0t63, ssaid Tslotends hemgin'Falinn'meIit with 'each other and 1 with a haitfiiywhieh is universalto-all the oam platesi :The bail 54 also comprises ends 65,1oy which itis fast to a rock shaft 66. -T'he hail fi'i'forms part-of'en oscillatingmechanism, which is oscillated by the cam-slots 63 at thedepressionslof'the numeral keys to an-Eextent -depending on the numeralkey depressed,

of numeral to be harried to a master wheel=67 and to turmit to an extentdepending on thekey .depnessed es will hereinetter up compl'zishing'is-include an: arm; 68 r] nailed on the rock'shaft 66,?a1td-a ap ed 0be-normelly' connected to rock bail 64 by means of a stirrup 69, whichis normall drawn upward. hy.means' of a. spring 0, so that the forkedarms 71 of will engage on the opposite sides of a pin 2, thus fcausingarms-=71 to rock with the bail 64. The purpose of: the stirrup is fullyset forth in the application No. 24,390.

Whenever the down with it a down a rock arm arm 68 rocks, 'it draws link73, thereby drawing 74,'hecause the ,link 73 68 and the arm 74, with theresult that the arm 74 rocks a rock shaft 75 to an extent depending uponthe numeral key depressed, and this shaft the teams and rock Pas hereindisend, .th,e:varied os- 'ear. The connections in acourwith jthe w apivot 77 and a rock arm 78 to the shaft 75.

To enable the rack bar 76 master wheel, itis normally 1 pinion 79 fastto turns the master wardlyor for-war iastto: the maste 82, fast to apinion 83,

to turn the 11 mesh with driving pinion 80, which wheel 67 eitherbuckdly, because the pinion 80 .is adapted. :to mesh either with pinion81., r wheel, or with pinion which in turn meshes with thepiuion 81 anddrives the,

master wheel in is driven forward ated typebar, in

the reverse (1 NVhe'n a key-is depressed, the rack bar 76 ireotion.

to turn the pinion 79 to an amount determined by the key depressed andthen the rack bar is lowered out 0t .79 because theactuapproaching theplaten, remove the 79. i To do this, the rock irame, 49 is provided witha downward projection 8A,

having a hook 1 pin 86 on a rock armfi'i, so

to embrace that'the hackward movement of the universal bar will liftthis rock arm 87 and cause the rock arm to lower the rank 76, Theconnections between the rock seoond rock arm adapted to rock a thirdrock means of a link 91 The rock arm '90 is fast to a latter operates aquasi-para vice, including a stud 94 1upon a projection S) slide upon wTo further gui ingr one slides.

there is provided roclrarm 97, hm

sion 98. In order to cause the two cation. 7 1 In order to hpldaccidental turn ng include a rock shaft the bell-crank ,All theseconnections considerable detail in the arm 87 and the rack 76 88, whichcarries a said latter rock arm arm by pivoted to both of them. shaft 92,which llel motion dearm 93, having a 5, said stud formhich the rack bar76 de the rack bar 76, a second stud 96 upon a. ing a rock studsimzitely parallel arm 98 and are connected by a link are set forth inaforesaid applie approx the master wheel against when the rack bar 76 isclear of the pinion 7 9 there is provided a ,detent .100, which is swunginto engagement with the pinion 79 at the movement of the rack becausethe detent tension of the rock arm 97. 63 are double-faced bar away fromthe pinion 79. 100 18 formed as an excams, the rack bar 76 is positivelyprevented from overthrow, and

. is fully brought to of the key-stroke, of the slots straight, with thearrests the rack 63 are rest, long before the end because the upper endsformed substantially result that the key-lever bar and thereby arrest:

the master wheel against overthrow.

The master whe el is detained against achcll-crunk extnn- Since theslots cideutal turning because the locking arm 101, having a V-shapedlug 102, normally meshes between the teeth of the master wheel 67. 1Vhen, however, the rack-bar 70 moves forward, it causes a follower 103 toride out of a recess 104 in the rack-bar, thereby lifting the follower103 and cans ing it to lift an arm 105, which underlies a bell-crankextension 106 of the locking arm 101. This unlocks the master wheel, sothat the master wheel may assist in camming the arm 101 forward, and, atthe same time, a forward extension 107 of the locking arm 101 may enterbetween teeth 108 on the totalizer 109, thus locking the totalizeragainst movement while the master wheel is turning.

The master wheel 67 is adapted to turn the dial wheels 110 because saidwheels,

which are journaled on a shaft 111 of the totalizer, are constantly inmesh with computing wheels 112, journaled on a shaft 113 of thetotalizer, said computing wheels engaging the master wheel scriatim asthey travel along with the typewriter carriage. In order to cause thetotalizer to travel along with the typewriter carriage, it is providedwith an arm 114 which may engage with a rack-bar 115 carried upon arms116 fast to the frame of the typewriter carriage, and the totalizer maytravel on rails As the totalizer thus travels along with the typewritercarriage, the computing wheels not only mesh seriatim with the masterwheel 67, but also mesh Rem'atim with a series of carry-over wheels 118,journaled on an extension 119 of the master wheel shaft 120.

As herein disclosed, each numeral or dial wheel 110 is made as atwenty-toothed wheel having the spaces between alternate teeth filled insolid, so that it is in appearance a ten-toothed wheel havingbroadteetli and narrow spaces between the teeth. The computing wheels112, in order to mesh'with the dial wheels, are twentytoothed wheelshaving alternate teeth removed, so that they appear like ten-toothedwheels having narrow teeth and wide spaces between the teeth. Tn orderto enable the master wheel and the carryover wheels to mesh with thecomputing wheels, the master wheel and the carryover wheels are formedsubstantially like the dial wheels, that is,'in appearance, having tenbroad teeth and one narrow tooth. in between each broad tooth.

In order to effect carry-overs, each computing wheel 112, when thetypewriter carriage is at rest, normally has two short teeth 121 lyingone in front of and one behind the tooth 122 of the carry-over wheel orof the master wheel. Each computing wheel comprises a flat portion lying(as viewed in Fig;

2) to the right of the short teeth 121. but one tooth 123 in thecircumference of each carryover wheel is long enough to extend acrossthe flat portion, so that, as the computing wheel effects onerevolution, the long tooth 123 will overlap and engage and turn theadjacent carry-over wheel one-tenth of a revolution, with the resultthat said carry-over wheel in turning will turn the other computingwheel with which it engages by means of the short teeth 121 on thatcomputing wheel, thereby turning its dial Wheel 110 one unit space. Thiseffects a carryover.

In order to hold the carry-over wheels 118 alined, each one has a detent124 normally pressing against it, said detent having a V-shaped point125 adapted to lie betweencarry-over wheel because a bell-crank arm 127,bearing against a lug 128 of the detent at its rear, is continuallythrust forward and upward bv means of a light coiled spring 129,confined within an opening 130 and bearing against a plunger 131, which,in turn, bears against a bell-crank extension 132 of the detent 124. Forconvenience in construction, the arms 127 engage the lugs 128 by meansof slanting faces 133, which form cams for camming the detentsforwardly. This angle of contact between the cam-sun faces 133 may alsobe such that the bellcranks may be rocked against the opposing effortsof their light springs 129, by the detents 124 when rammed out ofengaging relation between the teeth of any of the carryover wheels whichare rotated to effect a carry. In order to hold the detent strongly inposition, to enable the carry-over wheels to resist accidental turningvery strongly, each of the detents 124 is provided with a.forwardlyextending bell-crank arm 133, which underlies a bail 134,common to all the arms and journaled on the shaft 126 and held down uponthe arms by means of a fairly strong spring 135. Since the bail 134 iscommon to all the detents 124, the camming out of any detent at theturning of any carry-over wheel will lift the bail 134, talcing theentire load of the spring 135, thus enabling the spring 135 to be muchstronger than each of a series of springs 129 of the same strength couldbe, owing to the fact that a series of strong springs 129 would put aheavy load upon the wheels in carryingover.

In order to positively hold the detents 124 against turning accidentallyat the lifting of the bail 134 and thereby carrying-over on a higherdial wheel 110, there are provided positive locking arms 136, adapted tobear against the upper extremities 137 of the detents 124. These lockingarms are all journaled on a single shaft 138, extending across thetotalizer casing, so that they travel with the totalizer, and they arenormally held against movement because each one comprises an arcuateface 139 on an upper extension 140, each face 139 adapted to bearagainst a smooth portion 141 of the computing wheel 112 with which it isassociated. When held by the smooth portion 141 each locking arm bearsagainst a fixed rod 142, which holds it against movement.

In order to release the locking arms 136, so that they may release theirdetents 124, each computing wheel has its smooth portion cut away,forming a depression or socket, as shown at 143, Fig. 5, to enable thelocking arm to be swung inwardly toward the center of the computingwheel, so that its lower end swings backwardly, as shown for the neararm in Fig. 6, in which figure it will be seen that the arm is allowingits detent 124 to be swung outwardly to permit a carry-over to takeplace. As soon as the carry-over is completed, the locking arm againrides on the smooth periphery 141, because the cutaway portion 143 is soproportioned as to release the arm only during the moment ofcarrying-over. In order to enable the locking arms 136 to easily andcertainly slide past the detents 124, the upper ends of the detents areprovided with cam backs 145, which are engaged by the double cam-shapedknobs 146 at the lower ends of the arms 136. As will appear from Fig. 5,the locking arms 136 have their upper ends 140 offset from their lowerends, so that each locking arm is effective on the detent 124 of thecarry-over wheel which turns the next higher computing wheel.

In order to provide for pointing-off places, certain of the dial wheels110, denoted by the reference numeral 147, in Fig. 2, are made broadenough to cover two let tar-spaces in the feed of the typewritercarriage, and the computing wheels 148, Fig. 5, with which they mesh,are made correspondingly wide. To enable these computing wheels 148 toproperly carryover, they are provided with special broad teeth 149,extending not only to the adjacent carry-over wheel, but also acrossthat carryover wheel and into engagement with the carry-over wheel nextabove, thus enabling the computing wheel to carry-over onto the properdial wheel. In order to enable the locking arms for the computing wheels148 to control the detents 124 for both the carryover wheels thusengaged, the locking arms therefor are provided with extra long knobs146, Figs. 5 and 2, said knobs serving to engage the two adjacentcarry-over-wheel detents 124. Since the knobs are of this length, theoffset described above, for the locking arms 136, is not needed for thelocgin arms having the lon knobs 146.

ariations may be resorted to within the scope of the invention, andportions of the improvements may be used without others.

Having thus described my invention, 1 claim:

1. The combination with computing wheels, of carry-over wheels for saidcomputing wheels, detents individual to said carry-over wheels, majorspring means for holding said detents to their work, said major springmeans made ineffective on all the detents when ineffective on any one,and minor spring means, separately effective on each detent, forpreventing accidental releasings of said detents.

2. The combination with computing wheels, of carry-over wheels for saidcomputing wheels, a plurality of detents for said carry-over wheels, 21strong spring means common to all of said detents acting on said detentsto cause them to justify said carry-over wheels, and light spring meansindividual to each detent supplementing the action of said strong springmeans when the latter is ineifective on some of said detents.

3. The combination with computing wheels, of carry-over wheels for saidcomputing wheels, detents for said carry-over wheels, arms on saiddetents, a bail universal to all of said arms, and a spring acting onsaid bail to cause the same to operate any or all of said detents tojustify said carry-over wheels.

4. The combination with computing wheels, of carry-over wheels for saidcom puting wheels, detents for said carry-over wheels, arms on saiddetents, a bail universal to all. of said arms, a spring acting on saidbail to cause the same to operate any or all of said detents to justifysaid carryover wheels, a bell-crank individual to each of said detents,and means tending to cause eachof said bellcranks to maintain theassociated detent in locking engagement with the correspondingcarry-over wheel.

5. The combination with computing wheels, of carry-over wheels for saidcomputing wheels, detents for said carry-over wheels, bell-cranks forsaid detents, said detents and said bell-cranks having engaging camsurfaces, and spring-pressed members engaging said bell-cranks tolightly hold said detents to their work.

6. The combination with computing wheels, of carry-over wheels for saidcomputing wheels, detents for said carry-over wheels, arms on saiddetents, a bail overlying all of said arms, a spring acting on said bailto cause said detents to lock said carryover wheels, extensions on saiddetents having cam surfaces, bell-cranks having cam surfaces to engagethe cam surfaces of said detents, and spring-pressed plungers, oneindividual to each of said bell-cranks, arranged to maintain theassociated detent against accidental displacement relative to itscarry-over wheel,

7. The combination with. computing wheels, of carry-over wheels, saidcomput ing wheels and said carry-over wheels having a relative travelingmovement, detents for said carry-over wheels, and locks for said detentscontrolled from said computing wheels, said lockszand'said detentshaving a relative traveling movement 8. The combination with computingwheels, of carry-over wheels for said computing wheels, detents for saidcarry-over wheels, spring means universal to said detents for stronglyurging said detents to their work, spring means for individually,lightly urging said detents to their work, and a lock normallypositively holding each of said detents to its work, said lockindividually released to eifect each carry-over.

9. The combination with computing wheels, of carry-over wheels for saidcomputing wheels, detents for said carry-over wheels, spring meansuniversal to said detents for strongly urging said detents to theirwork, spring means for individually, lightly urging said detents totheir work, a lock positively holding each of said detents to its work,and a locking surface on each computing wheel normally holding thedetent of the adjacent wheel locked, said computing wheels each having asocket therein to permit a movement of the associated lock, and thus amovement of the corresponding detent when a computing wheel hascompleted a revolution.

10. The combination with computing wheels, of carry-over wheels for saidcomputing wheels, detents for said carr -over wheels, and locks for saiddetents, sai computing wheels and said carry-over wheels aving arelative traveling movement, said locks and said detents also having arelative traveling movement, and said locks and said detents avingcooperating beveled surfaces to permit of the unobstructed relativemovement therebetween.

11. The combination with computing wheels, of carry-over wheels for saidcomputing wheels, detents for said carry-over wheels, and locks for saiddetents, hearing at one end on said detents and at the other end on thesolid peripheries of said comuting wheels, said computin wheels havingde ressions to admit of t e movement of sai locks and thus to permit thereleasing of said detents.

12. The combination with a totalizer including a carriage and computingwheels, of carry-over wheels for said computing wheels, individualdetents for said carryover wheels, said carry-over wheels beingstationary and said computing wheels traveling with said carriage, and aseries of locks traveling with said carriage and coming one by, oneintoengagement with said detents to hold them to their work 13. Thecombination with computing which they travel,';of means normally holdingsaid carry-over wheels, and a device whereby any computing wheel locksthe higher carry-over :wheel when brought to position by travel'tobeeffective to turn it.

14; E The combination with computing wheels and carry-over wheelsrelatively to which they travel, of detents normally engagin saidcarry-over wheels devices where y any computing wheel locks the detentof the next higher carry-over wheel when brought to position by travelto be effective to turn it, and means normally holding all of thedetents locked but adapted to be released when any carry-over wheelbecomes eflective to carry over.

15. The combination with computing wheels, of carry-over wheels for saidcomputing wheels, detents for said carry-over wheels, locks for saiddetents, bearing at one end on said detents and at the other end on thesolid peripheries of said computing wheels, said computing wheels havingdepressions to admit of the movement of said locks and thus to permitthe releasing of said detents, a carriage in which said computing wheelsare journaled, and which carries them past the carry-over wheels, and ashaft, in said carriage, on which said locks are journaled.

16. The combination with a totalizer com prising wide and narrowcomputing wheels, of a master wheel, carry-over wheels, all of identicalwidth, a carriage for effecting relative movement between the computingwheels and -master and carry-over wheels, carry over teeth on the widecomputing wheels extending over to a second carryover wheel, a detentfor each of said carryover wheels, a holding device associated with eachnarrow computing wheel adapted to be effective on one of said detents,and a holding device associated with each broad computing wheel adaptedto be effective on the next two detents.

17. The combination with a totalizer comprising wide and narrowcomputing wheels, of a master wheel, carry-over wheels, all of identicalwidth, a carriage for effecting relative movement between the computingwheels and master and carry-over wheels, carry-over teeth on the widecomputing wheels extending over to a second carryover wheel, meanswhereby each narrow computing wheel in the computing zone holds itscarry-over wheel locked unless turning it, and means whereby each widecom uting wheel in the computing zone hol s the next two carry-overwheels locked unless turning them.

18. The combination with a totalizer comwheels and-carry-over wheelsrelatively to prising wide and narrow computing wheels, adapted to lockits carry-over wheel by its of a master wheel, carry-over wheels all ofdetent, and to be released in carrying over, identical width, a carriagefor eiiecting and a locking arm bearing on the perlphery relativemovement between the computing of each wide computing wheel adapted to 5wheels and master and carryover wheels lock the detents of the two nextcz rry-over 15 carry-over teeth on the" wide computing wheels and to bereleased in carryi 7 over.

wheels extending over to, a second carry- HENRY L. PIT AN. over wheel, adetent for each of said camxg- Witnesses over wheels, a locking armbeefing on t e Jimme P. Tnomm,

10 periphery 0f eaehnarro'w computing wheel EDITH B. LIBBEY.

